Influence of the geometry on a field-road model : the case of a conical field

Field-road models are reaction-diffusion systems which have been recently introduced to account for the effect of a road on propagation phenomena arising in epidemiology and ecology. Such systems consist in coupling a classical Fisher-KPP equation to a line with fast diffusion accounting for a road. A series of works investigate the spreading properties of such systems when the road is a straight line and the field a half-plane. Here, we take interest in the case where the field is a cone. Our main result is that the spreading speed is not influenced by the angle of the cone

A revision of the genus Paracallisoma Chevreux, 1903 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Scopelocheiridae: Paracallisominae) with a redescription of the type species of the genus Paracallisoma, the description of two new genera and two new species from the Atlantic Ocean

The genus Paracallisoma (Crustacea: Amphipoda) is revised and the type species, Paracallisoma alberti is redescribed based on holotype material supplemented with new material from the region of the type locality. This revision results in the establishment of two new genera, Pseudocallisoma gen. nov. and Haptocallisoma gen. nov., and the description of a new species of Haptocallisoma and a new species of Paracallisoma from the North Atlantic Ocean. An account of all known species within the three genera is given and updated keys to the genera and species are provided

Mesopelagic fishes of the North-West African Upwelling from the Discovery Collections

Mesopelagic fish specimens from two stations in the NW African Upwelling were identified and catalogued to produce a Darwin Core-aligned dataset. A total of 9655 individual fishes were identified, with 9017 specimens identified at least to genus level and 3124 specimens identified to species level. This dataset comprises specimens collected from the 1990 RRS Discovery (III) Cruise D195 and was used to investigate depth-related trends in diversity and community composition alongside species-specific migratory behaviour. The finalised dataset was published on OBIS through the Deep-Sea node

Adult Attachment Style, Spirituality, and Religiosity among Individuals in Treatment for Substance Use Disorders

Spirituality and religiosity are considered to be protective factors in the treatment of substance abuse. Little is known, however, about how adult attachment style may be associated with levels of spirituality and religiosity. This study explored adult at- tachment styles among individuals in inpatient treatment for substance abuse and dependence and determined if there were significant differences between spirituality and/or religiosity variables by adult attachment style within the sample. Results indicated that neither of the religiosity variables varied by attachment style, but that one of two subscales in the spirituality measure, existential purpose and meaning, did vary significantly. Specifically, differences between the Secure attachment group and the Fearful group were highly statistically significant, with the Secure group reporting higher levels ofexistential purpose and meaning. Differences between the Secure group and the Dismissing group approached significance, again with the Secure group’s scores being higher. This study has shown that social work and other mental health professionals serving individuals with substance related problems must understand that, in their efforts to increase spirituality in their clients as a protection against relapse, they should recognize the impact that attachment style may have on their clients’ spiritual lives

Investigation of the Amathillopsidae (Amphipoda, Crustacea), including the description of a new species, reveals a clinging lifestyle in the deep sea worldwide

Amathillopsidae is a widely distributed, but rarely sampled family of deep-sea amphipods. During a recent expedition to the North Atlantic, specimens were filmed clinging to a polychaete tube in situ at abyssal depths by a Remote Operated Vehicle and then sampled for further study. The species was new to science and is described in detail herein. A barcode sequence is provided. Further investigations of photographic and video records revealed the genus Amathillopsis to be more widely distributed, both geographically and bathymetrically, than indicated by current literature records, and that these species occur at abyssal depths in all oceans. Specimens of Amathillopsis are reported clinging to a variety of different organisms whose erect structures provide the means to raise these charismatic deep-sea predators above the seafloor facilitating feeding opportunities

Sustainable Biodiversity Databasing: International, Collaborative, Dynamic, Centralised

The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a sustainable model of international collaboration around a centralised database that provides expert validated biodiversity data freely online. This model could be replicated for the over 1.2 million terrestrial and freshwater species to improve quality control and data management in biology and ecology globally

The application of optical coherence tomography to image subsurface tissue structure of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba

Many small open ocean animals, such as Antarctic krill, are an important part of marine ecosystems. To discover what will happen to animals such as krill in a changing ocean, experiments are run in aquaria where conditions can be controlled to simulate water characteristics predicted to occur in the future. The response of individual animals to changing water conditions can be hard to observe, and with current observation techniques it is very difficult to follow the progress of an individual animal through its life. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an optical imaging technique that allows images at high resolution to be obtained from depths up to a few millimeters inside biological specimens. It is compatible with in vivo imaging and can be used repeatedly on the same specimens. In this work, we show how OCT may be applied to post mortem krill samples and how important physiological data such as shell thickness and estimates of organ volume can be obtained. Using OCT we find an average value for the thickness of krill exoskeleton to be (30±4) µm along a 1 cm length of the animal body. We also show that the technique may be used to provide detailed imagery of the internal structure of a pleopod joint and provide an estimate for the heart volume of (0.73±0.03) mm3

Molecular phylogenetics of deep-sea amphipods (Eurythenes) reveal a new undescribed species at the Porcupine Abyssal Plain, North East Atlantic Ocean

The genus Eurythenes S. I. Smith in Scudder, 1882, has been the focus of integrated molecular and morphological taxonomy studies in recent years, resulting in the number of species in the genus increasing from three to eight. Samples of Eurythenes spp. collected using free-fall baited traps from the Porcupine Abyssal Plain (PAP), North East Atlantic Ocean, at 4850 m were examined in this study to investigate the identity of the species found using molecular barcoding methods. Mitochondrial COI analysis confirms the presence of E. maldoror at PAP and data from the nuclear 28S rDNA gene provides independent confirmation of this observation. A new, undescribed species that is clearly divergent from all other known species and molecular lineages was identified, which can be distinguished morphologically from known species. A specimen within the E. magellanicus lineage was also found at the site. We discuss the presence of these three Eurythenes species at the Porcupine Abyssal Plain

Scavenging amphipods of the Angolan deep-sea habitat, with a focus on Abyssorchomene distinctus (Birstein and Vinogradov, 1960) (Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea)

Owing to its vast natural resources and the influence of the Congo River and associated submarine canyon, the Angolan continental margin is of both socioeconomic and ecological interest. The deep-sea ecosystems of the region are nevertheless understudied, and much of the deep-sea fauna remains undescribed. Here, we document the scavenging amphipods of the Angolan deep-sea habitat, which provides valuable new insights into the ecology of Angolan deep-sea scavengers. This can be used as an ecological baseline, against which resource-extraction impacts can be measured. A total of 7996 scavenging amphipods, representing 10 species, were identified. At least four species were new to science. The relatively low scavenger diversity of the region, combined with the large sample sizes, may be indicative of abundant food falls in the region due to the presence of the submarine canyon system. The dominant species across all samples, Abyssorchomene distinctus (Birstein and Vinogradov, 1960), was the focus of a population-level study, which was used to describe the population structure of this species and identify species traits. Of the 826 individuals of A. distinctus dissected and measured, 533 were unsexed juveniles, 149 were male, and 144 were female. Females were significantly larger than males, which is indicative of non-mate-guarding pre-copulatory behaviour, but had significantly shorter antennae, which may indicate that males use chemical cues during mate searching. Two, three, and five discrete size-based cohorts were identified for juveniles, males, and females respectively. No ovigerous females were caught but brood size of A. distinctus was estimated to be 10-38 offspring based on ovary contents